आँखा (Eyes) सम्बन्धी रोचक तथ्य तथा महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी

1. Lacrimal gland ले आँशु (tear) उत्पादन गर्दछ ।
2. Tear मा पाईने immunoglobulin, IgA हो ।
3. Eyeball को diameter 2.5cm हुन्छ ।
4. Cornea को 5 वटा layer हुन्छ ।
5. रेटिना (retina) को 10 वटा layer हुन्छ ।
6. मानिसको आँखामा हुने लेन्स biconvex हो ।
7. The sensitive pigmented layer of the eye is the retina.
8. रेटिना मा rode cells र cone cells हरू हुन्छन ।
9. Rod cell को काम night vision हो भने cone cell को काम color vision हो ।
10. आँखाको near point 25 cm हो र far point, infinity हुन्छ।
11. मानिसको आँखा green color सॅग बढि sensitive हुन्छ ।
12. "Snellen's chart" is used to determine visual aquity.
13. "Ishihara chart" is used to determine color blindness.
14. Myopia is also known as short-sightedness.
15. Myopia मा concave lens प्रयोग गरिन्छ ।
16. Hypermetropia is also known as long-sightedness.
17. Hypermetropia मा convex lens प्रयोग गरिन्छ ।
18. Astigmatism मा cylindrical lens प्रयोग गरिन्छ ।
19. बुढेसकाल मा आँखा कम देख्नुलाइ presbyopia भनिन्छ ।
20. Presbyopia मा bifocal lens प्रयोग गरिन्छ ।
21. Night blindness(रतन्धो) लाई nyctalopia पनि भनिन्छ जुन vitamin A को कमिले हुन्छ ।
22. Cataract (मोतिबिन्दु) is the opacity of the lens, यो बुढेसकाल मा common हून्छ ।
23. Glaucoma मा आँखाको intraocular pressure(IOP) बढेको हुन्छ ।
24. Normal IOP is 10-20 (10-18) mm of Hg.
25. Ambylopia is also known as LAZY EYE.
26. Eyelid को inflammation लाई blepharitis भनिन्छ ।
27. Chalazian: chronic non-infective inflammation of the 'Meibomian gland'.
28. Stye (external hordeolum): An acute suppurative inflammation of the 'Zeis gland'.
29. Trichiasis: misdirection of eyelashes.
30. Entropian: the inward turning of the eyelid margin.
31. Ptosis : abnormal drooping of the upper eyelid.
32. Most common conjunctivitis is viral.
33. TRACHOMA:Causative agent: chlamydia trachomatis IP : 5-12 days MOT : fomites, direct contact Treatment: oint. Tetracycline & tab. Azithromycin
34. The most common cause of blindness in world+Nepal = CATARACT.
35. The most common cause of Preventable blindness in world+Nepal = TRACHOMA
36. The most common cause of preventable blindness in children in Nepal is: Vitamin A deficiency
37. SAFE Strategy is for the management of trachoma.
38.  Vision 2020: the global campaign of WHO to eradicate blindness by 2020 AD

Key Facts

• Globally, at least 2.2 billion people have a near or distance vision impairment. In at least 1 billion of these, vision impairment could have been prevented or is yet to be addressed.
• The leading causes of vision impairment and blindness at a global level are refractive errors and cataracts.
• It is estimated that globally only 36% of people with a distance vision impairment due to refractive error and only 17% of people with vision impairment due to cataract have received access to an appropriate intervention.
• Vision impairment poses an enormous global financial burden, with the annual global cost of productivity estimated to be US$ 411 billion.
• Vision loss can affect people of all ages; however, most people with vision impairment and blindness are over the age of 50 years.